スペインにおける日産自動車の進出と物流システムの構築

• 資料種別: 記事
• タイトル: スペインにおける日産自動車の進出と物流システムの構築
• 著者・編者: 斉藤 由香
• 著者標目: 斉藤 由香
• タイトル（掲載誌）: 地理学評論. Ser. A / 日本地理学会 編
• 巻号年月日等（掲載誌）: 74(10) 2001.10
• 掲載巻: 74
• 掲載号: 10
• 掲載ページ: 541～566
• 掲載年月日（W3CDTF）: 2001-10
• ISSN（掲載誌）: 0016-7444
• ISSN-L（掲載誌）: 0016-7444
• 出版事項（掲載誌）: 東京 : 日本地理学会 ; 1984-2001
• 出版地（国名コード）: JP
• 本文の言語コード: jpn
• 件名標目: 自動車産業; 海外現地生産; ジャストインタイム; JIT; automobile industry; overseas production; parts logistics system; just-in-time produciton; Spain
• NDLC: ZG1
• 対象利用者: 一般
• 所蔵機関: 国立国会図書館
• 請求記号: Z8-571
• 連携機関・データベース: 国立国会図書館 : 国立国会図書館雑誌記事索引; https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp
• 書誌ID（NDLBibID）: 5930722; http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/5930722
• 整理区分コード: 632

• 要約等: This paper aims to trace the process of setting up a parts logistics system for a Japanese overseas car assembly plant focusing on linkages with its suppliers. The case of the manufacturing plant of Nissan Motor Company in Spain (Nissan Motor Iberica, S. A., NMISA) is examined as an example of Japanese assembly plants established by acquisition, since previous studies related to Japanese overseas production paid little attention to these kinds of acquisitions compared to green-field investments.<br> In 1980, Nissan acquired manufacturing plants in Spain by purchasing shares in Motor Ibérica, S. A. and started production in the Franca plant (Barcelona) in 1983. However, incompetent production management in that plant caused grave problems that weakened productivity; an excessive number of suppliers and surplus stock impeded its smooth and efficient production.<br> From the late 1980s, NMISA embarked on the reconstruction of the parts logistics system of the Franca plant. First, it drastically reduced the number of suppliers by selecting them in terms of quality, cost, and delivery, and aimed to establish stable relationships with a limited number of suppliers. Then it implemented a new parts procurement strategy (Materials Requirement Planning, MRP) to perform periodic parts delivery from their suppliers based on “just-in-time” (JIT) production.<br> The geographical distribution of suppliers has been considered to be the key element in the implementation of JIT. The locations of suppliers that NMISA had inherited from Motor Iberica were spread among the remote preexisting core areas of automobile production in Spain. Furthermore, NMISA has expanded its parts supply network outside Spain since the early 1990s, especially in Germany and the UK; due . to both the enforcement of common certification in the European Union and the development of joint parts procurement with Nissan Motor Manufacturing UK in Europe. However, the production volume of NMISA was too small to request suppliers to deliver frequently from a distance. Therefore NMISA had to construct a new logistics system that would optimize the performance of JIT under such conditions.<br> From 1990, NMISA implemented new parts delivery methods such as the milk-run system and the use of warehouses to regulate parts delivery to the assembly plant (i.e., regulator warehouse). Suppliers within a radius of 100km were requested to deliver directly to the plant as before, while others with smaller deliveries were incorporated in the milk-run system to combine their deliveries. On the other hand, suppliers located outside that area were asked to deliver their products to the regulator warehouse; the increased frequency of deliveries from the warehouse to assembly lines permitted suppliers to achieve JIT delivery from a distance. In addition, the development of transportation infrastructures in Europe was another factor facilitating frequent, long-distance delivery. From the late 1990s, when the decline in demand in Europe including Spain caused NMISA to decrease production volumes, NMISA intended to improve production efficiency by reducing the total logistics cost. It therefore decided to apply the milk-run system to suppliers at a distance both in Spain and other countries in Europe.<br> Detailed analysis of NMISA's logistics system shows that NMISA utilizes these different delivery methods based on conditions such as locations of suppliers, types of parts, volume of the product, the nature of the manufacturing process in which parts will be used, and the degree of relationship with suppliers, in particular with potentially large ones. The findings of this study suggest that spatial proximity between assembly plants and parts suppliers is not in itself crucial to the effectiveness of JIT; whether a spatial cluster of suppliers is established depends on the production volume in the assembly plant.; 本研究では,買収によってスペインに進出した日産自動車の現地子会社・日産モトールイベリカ社(NMISA)を事例企業として,その物流システムの構築プロセスを明らかにした.さらに,サブ.ライヤーとの部品調達関係を詳細に分析することで,近年NMISAが現実的な諸条件の中で物流システムをどのように発展させているのかを考察した. NMISAでは,そのサプライヤーが広域的に分散立地しているため,ミルクラン方式や調節倉庫利用方式といったさまざまな部品調達方法を導入し,「修正ジャスト・イン・タイム」というかたちでJIT納入を実現している・スペイ.ンでこうした多様な調達方法が発展した背景には, NMISAがサプライヤーの地域的分布に対応した側面だけではなく,英国日産との部品の共同購入の進展や,サプライヤーとの取引量や力関係,部品の特性など,部品調達をめぐるさまざまな条件に適応している側面も認められた.こうした現地における物流システムの構築プロセスには,既存企業の買収という進出形態や生産の小規模性が大きな影響を与えていた.
• DOI: 10.4157/grj1984a.74.10_541
• オンライン閲覧公開範囲: インターネット公開
• 連携機関・データベース: 科学技術振興機構 : J-STAGE; http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp

• 要約等: 本研究では,買収によってスペインに進出した日産自動車の現地子会社・日産モトールイベリカ社(NMISA)を事例企業として,その物流システムの構築プロセスを明らかにした.さらに,サブ.ライヤーとの部品調達関係を詳細に分析することで,近年NMISAが現実的な諸条件の中で物流システムをどのように発展させているのかを考察した. NMISAでは,そのサプライヤーが広域的に分散立地しているため,ミルクラン方式や調節倉庫利用方式といったさまざまな部品調達方法を導入し,「修正ジャスト・イン・タイム」というかたちでJIT納入を実現している・スペイ.ンでこうした多様な調達方法が発展した背景には, NMISAがサプライヤーの地域的分布に対応した側面だけではなく,英国日産との部品の共同購入の進展や,サプライヤーとの取引量や力関係,部品の特性など,部品調達をめぐるさまざまな条件に適応している側面も認められた.こうした現地における物流システムの構築プロセスには,既存企業の買収という進出形態や生産の小規模性が大きな影響を与えていた.
• DOI: 10.4157/grj1984a.74.10_541; https://doi.org/10.4157/grj1984a.74.10_541
• オンライン閲覧公開範囲: インターネット公開
• 関連情報（URI）: http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/5930722; https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I5930722; https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/grj1984a/74/10/74_10_541/_pdf
• 参照: 日系電機・電子部品メーカーにみる製品特性の差異と現地化——上海のA社販売子会社を事例に——; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001277365886592; A Review of Geographical Studies on Manufacturing Industries in Japan; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282680275999232; 中国自動車産業の発展にともなう発注方式とサプライヤー分布の変容; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282680276415104
• 参照: SPATIAL EFFECTS OFINTERNATIONALISATION OF THE SPANISH AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292618834775552; The Restructuring of the Automobile Industry in the USA; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292619444701952; Beyond Mass Production; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360580236905942272; Nissan in the North East: Effects; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360586670922726272; Technological and Organizational Change in Automobile Production: Spatial Implications¹; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855569020540672; Just-in-Time: More or Less Flexible?; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137044629430016; The Geographies of Just-in-Time: Japanese Investment and the Automotive Components Industry in Western Europe; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418518433491584; The New Geography of Automobile Production: Japanese Transplants in North America; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361981471205637632; Changing Production Systems: The Automobile Industry in Spain; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544418737623040; JUST‐IN‐TIME MANUFACTURING AND THE SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF THE AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY: LESSONS FROM JAPAN; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825893885495552; Japanese Motor Industry Transplants: The West European Dimension; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363107368815370880; Comparing transnational production systems: the automobile industry in the USA and Japan*; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670320974285312
• 連携機関・データベース: 国立情報学研究所 : CiNii Research; https://cir.nii.ac.jp/
• 提供元機関・データベース: Japan Link Center; https://japanlinkcenter.org/top; 雑誌記事索引データベース; https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp; Crossref; https://www.crossref.org; CiNii Articles
• 書誌ID（NDLBibID）: 5930722; http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/5930722
• NII論文ID: 110000521586