並列タイトル等Characteristics of Air Pollutants Emitted from Natural Rubber Plantation in Southeast Asian Countries and Evaluation of Environmental Impact
タイトル（掲載誌）平成19(2007)年度 科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(B) 研究成果報告書 = 2007 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
一般注記大気汚染物質発生源である乾燥炉内,作業所,周辺の天然ゴム林,都市部および郊外に全粒子サンプラーを設置しフィルタ上に粒子捕集を行うと共に,粒子径別サンプルをナノ粒子サンプラーで採取し,発生源情報を収集した。サンプリングは,ソンクラ県ハジャイ周辺を中心にして年間を通じて継続的に行った。サンプルの分析項目は,全粒子濃度,粒子径別濃度,炭素成分,多環芳香族炭化水素(PAHs)等の成分であり,すべて現有の分析装置を使用した。調査結果から,ハジャイ近辺の大気環境負荷は,天然ゴムの産出量と気象条件の影響を受けていることが判明した。特にRSSの製造・輸送・ゴム製品製造・消費の一連のプロセスで排出される大気汚染物質の排出量に着目し,上記で得たRSS製造時の発生源情報,既往の研究や環境情報データベースからの汚染物質発生量原単位などを用いて,各段階におけるCO2,NOx,多環芳香族化合物(以下PAHs)排出量を推定した。製造・輸送プロセスを通した汚染物質の排出量を推定した結果,古木燃焼時のPAHs排出が全体の9割近くと卓越する一方で,日本国内のゴムタイヤ製造プロセスでの排出は相対的に少ないことと推測された。RSS製造からタイヤ製造に至るまでの過程に限れば,総PAHs排出量に占める古木燃焼の寄与は非常に大きいと推定されるが,正確な議論を行うためには,船舶を含めたより多くの排出データの蓄積が必要と考えられる。
Emissions of air pollutants from all possible sources during RSS (Ribbed Smoke Sheet) production, transportation inside Thailand, or, transportation of tapped latex with motorcycles, tracks to RSS storage centers and ports, shipping to Japan and rubber tire production in Japan were evaluated based information from related data including LCA data base and the measurement of pollutants on emission sources, showing more than 30% of PAHs is emitted inside Thailand, mostly from the drying process. Clear relations between RSS production amount and ambient PAHs concentration were found to exist: maximum PAHs concentration was observed at maximum RSS production during rainy season, which is about 7-8 times larger than a back ground value. The wind direction was found to have an importance on PAHs concentration: the lowest concentration in Hat Yai for the largest RSS production amount from January to February when the northeast or east wind from Gulf of Thailand is predominant. A clear dependen cy of an index for biomass burning was observed in relation to RSS production except January and February. The irradiation of soft X-rays can degrade effectively PAHs in smoke particles from rubber wood burning, where more PAHs was effectively degraded in finer fraction of particles. An electrostatic precipitator was tested and proven to improve the quality of products by reducing smoke particles. Most concern of works was confirmed to be in smoke through interview. Concentrations of gaseous pollutants such as NO_2 and SO_2 in the workplace of RSS factory were rather low while PAHs concentration is quite high, where more than a few hundred ng/m^3 of PAHs were observed. This may be mostly from a smoke leakage from drying room. 1-OHP (Hydorxine pyrene) increased with PM concentration while a tendency between Pyrene and 1-OHP concentrations was not clear. Sediment samples were collected from a lake in Trang province, which provide information on a history of environmental change after RSS production was started 100 years ago.
研究課題/領域番号:17404001, 研究期間(年度):2005-2007
出典：「東南アジア地域の天然ゴムプランテーションで発生する大気汚染物質の特性と影響評価」研究成果報告書 課題番号17404001 (KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）) 本文データは著者版報告書より作成
一次資料へのリンクURLhttps://kanazawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=43099&item_no=1&attribute_id=26&file_no=1
関連情報https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/search/?qm=70165463
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17404001/
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17404001/174040012007kenkyu_seika_hokoku_gaiyo/
連携機関・データベース国立情報学研究所 : 学術機関リポジトリデータベース（IRDB）（機関リポジトリ）