Airline pilots unions : Australia, Japan and the U.S. an empirical test of cross-national convergence

• Material Type: 規格・テクニカルリポート類
• Title: Airline pilots unions : Australia, Japan and the U.S. an empirical test of cross-national convergence
• Author/Editor: Karsh, Bernard
• Author Heading: Karsh, Bernard
• Publication, Distribution, etc.: Keio Economic Observatory
• Publication Date: 1983-03
• Publication Date (W3CDTF): 1983
• Periodical title: KEO discussion paper
• No. or year of volume/issue: 18
• Volume: 18
• Target Audience: 一般
• Note (General): 出版タイプ： VoR; type:text; The notion that technology represents an imperative in social and economic development has long been associated with Marx and Veblen. Sociologists have devoted considerable attention to this idea which has become popular as "convergence theory ." For example, Moore and Feldmanwere concerned with obstacles workers confront before they becomecommitted to the industrial way of life characteristic of modern societies . Inkeles and Smith sought to show that workers in some Western nationsdeveloped many common behavioral and attitudinal characteristics . While economists in general have done little to test these ideas, Nihei and his collaborators have some efforts under way .3However, four labor economists have provided the major statement on the effects of spreading industrial technology. Kerr, Dunlop Harbison and Myers hypothesized that industrialism, not capitalism would dominate the world and shape national institutions into a common mold .4 Their convergence hypothesis would become a central controversy for scholars studying economic growth and development on a cross-national basis. In a later statement Kerr and his colleagues argued that industrial methods of production and distribution produced similar social structures. They predicted that all industrial countrieswere confronted with acommon set of technical-organizational imperatives which, in the longrun, would overwhelm the particularities of history and culture to produce institutions increasingly characterized by their similaritiesrather than differences cross -nationally . They further argued that the dominating influence of technology created strong similarities in jobstructure, occupational structure and relative ordering of occupationalwages. Such systems move towards "pluralistic , industrialism" where theState, the enterprise or association, and the individual all share a substantial degree of power over productive activities .6 The researchreported here is a modest test of the "pluralistic industrialism" hypothesis in a cross-national context . It focuses on airline pilots operatingvirtually identical technologies in Australia, Japan and the USA.it is difficult to think of either an industry or an occupationalgroup which involves more uniform complex technologies than thoseincorporated in the Boeing 747 intercontinental airliner. The paperexamines the effects of this uniquely uniform technology upon pilots and their occupations: central issues negotiated and their origins, thenegotiating structures and procedures for resolving disputes with employers. It endeavors to explore the proposition that technologically-induced convergence has occurred between Australian, Japanese and United States pilots and their unions in all three of these areas . The paper alsoseeks to provide insights into the limits of the influence of the "iron hand of technology" , and to point to other variables - such as economic, political and cultural variables - which have shaped relevantfeatures of pilot unionism in each country .; Prepared for .Sixth World Congress , International Industrial Relations Association, Kyoto, Japan, March , 1983.
• DOI: 10.14991/004.00000018-0001; https://doi.org/10.14991/004.00000018-0001
• Data Provider (Database): 国立情報学研究所 : 学術機関リポジトリデータベース（IRDB）（機関リポジトリ）; https://irdb.nii.ac.jp
• Original Data Provider (Database): 慶應義塾大学 : 慶應義塾大学学術情報リポジトリ