大気エアロゾル粒子の氷晶形成に及ぼす粒子表面形状の影響解明

Material type: 文書・図像類

Author: 岩田, 歩

Publisher: 慶應義塾大学

Publication date: 2019

Material Format: Digital

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Note (General)：: type:text地球温暖化に伴う気候変動を予測する精度を向上させるためには、大気中の粒子が及ぼす氷晶形成への理解向上が不可欠である。とりわけ粒子氷晶形成を評価する上で重要となる粒子表面積の挙動等の知見はこれまで不確実な情報に基づいていた。そこで本研究では粒子表面積計(Model 3550, TSI...

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Material Type: 文書・図像類
Title: 大気エアロゾル粒子の氷晶形成に及ぼす粒子表面形状の影響解明
Author/Editor: 岩田, 歩
Author Heading: 岩田, 歩
Publication, Distribution, etc.: 慶應義塾大学
Publication Date: 2019
Publication Date (W3CDTF): 2019
Alternative Title: タイキエアロゾルリュウシノヒョウショウケイセイニオヨボスリュウシヒョウメンケイジョウノエイキョウカイメイ
Taiki earozoru ryūshi no hyōshō keisei ni oyobosu ryūshi hyōmen keijō no eikyō kaimei
The contributions of the surface morphology for the ice nucleation of atmospheric particles
Periodical title: 学事振興資金研究成果実績報告書
Text Language Code: jpn
eng
Target Audience: 一般
Note (General): type:text
地球温暖化に伴う気候変動を予測する精度を向上させるためには、大気中の粒子が及ぼす氷晶形成への理解向上が不可欠である。とりわけ粒子氷晶形成を評価する上で重要となる粒子表面積の挙動等の知見はこれまで不確実な情報に基づいていた。そこで本研究では粒子表面積計(Model 3550, TSI)を用いた石川県珠洲市(能登)での物理化学特性観測と並行する粒子表面積濃度の観測を行った。さらに、これらの観測と並行した粒子捕集体制および氷晶核能分析体制を構築することで粒子氷晶形成に対する表面形態が及ぼす寄与を明らかにすることを目的に研究を進めた。本研究にて観測した能登での粒子表面積濃度は、以前観測した都市域である福岡での観測結果とは異なった傾向が得られた。とりわけ同季節(冬春季)における単位粒子質量あたりの表面積濃度(比表面積)は福岡よりも顕著に低く、それらが観測した微小領域における粒子のサイズ分布によって説明できることが示された。しかしながら、同観測点における比表面積では、春冬季の比表面積は低く、黒色炭素粒子に加え比較的粗大な有機物や硝酸塩が大きく寄与した。一方で夏季では比表面積は高く、黒色炭素粒子による寄与は減少した。これらの結果は本年度国際学会および国内学会にて発表を行い、さらに現在、国際雑誌に投稿する準備中である。またこれまで実環境中における高い氷晶核能を有する粒子の分析(国際雑誌掲載済み)および氷晶核能分析における作業効率向上のための分析装置の改良および解析自動化を試みた。一方で粒子捕集における捕集フィルターの検討の結果、とりわけ一般的な粒子捕集に用いられるフィルターでは、氷晶核能分析に大きな影響をもたらすことが示された。そこで氷晶核能分析用の新たな試料捕集として遠隔操作可能な捕集器を製作し、観測と並行した粒子捕集を行い、現在、その解析を行っている。また本研究課題を礎とし、さらなる研究費を獲得するに至った。 In order to improve the accuracy of predicting for the climate change associated with global warming, it is essential to understanding of ice nucleation by atmospheric particles. In particular, the particle surface area at the atmosphere, which is important for evaluating the ice nucleation, has been based on uncertain information. Therefore, in this study, the particle surface area concentration was observed at Suzu City, Ishikawa (Noto) using a Nanoparticle surface area monitor (Model 3550, TSI) along with the observations of some physicochemical properties. By both developing a particle collection system in parallel with these observations and improving an ice nucleation activity analysis system, additionally, we tried to clarify the contribution of particle morphology to ice crystal formation. The particle surface area concentration at Noto observed in this study showed different tendencies from the observation at Fukuoka, which is the previously observed data at urban area. In particular, the concentration for unit particle mass (specific surface area) at Noto in the same season (winter spring) is significantly lower than that at Fukuoka. This difference was suggested to depend to the particle size distributions with the observed fine particle size range. During spring and winter season, specific surface area was low and was affected to organic and nitrates of large particles, in addition to black carbon particles. Meanwhile, the specific surface area was high, and the contribution of black carbon particles decreased during summer season. These results were presented at international and domestic conferences, and we are currently preparing to submit them to international journals. Also, we attempted to analyze of atmospheric particles having a high ice nucleation activity (published to international journal). Furthermore, the measurement instrument and analysis method were more improved for more efficient work. From the examinations of the particle collection filters, these results were indicated that the general particle collection filter has a great negative influence for the measurement of ice nucleation abilities. Therefore, we developed a new particle collector that can be operated remotely for ice nucleation activity analysis. Particle collections was carried out along with observation of particle surface, and these analyses is performing currently. In addition, a new research project accepted based on this research project.
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Data Provider (Database): 国立情報学研究所 : 学術機関リポジトリデータベース（IRDB）（機関リポジトリ）
https://irdb.nii.ac.jp
Original Data Provider (Database): 慶應義塾大学 : 慶應義塾大学学術情報リポジトリ