運動時の呼吸困難度と持久性運動能力の関係

Material type: 文書・図像類

Author: 高野, 成子ほか

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Publication date: 1999-03-15

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Note (General)：: 金沢大学教育学部呼吸器疾患のない健常人では、運動時の呼吸困難感の大きさ(BS)は主に換気量(V_E)に依存して増大する。しかし、V_Eが同じであってもBSには個人差があり、これには抹消化学受容器の感受性(HVR)が関与していることを最近我々は見出した(J.Physiol.499:843-848、19...

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Material Type: 文書・図像類
Title: 運動時の呼吸困難度と持久性運動能力の関係
Author/Editor: 高野, 成子
Takano, Nariko
Author Heading: 高野, 成子
Takano, Nariko
Publication Date: 1999-03-15
Publication Date (W3CDTF): 1999-03-15
Alternative Title: Relationship between breathlessness intensity during exercise and physical fitness
Periodical title: 平成9(1997)年度科学研究費補助金基盤研究(C) 研究成果報告書概要 = 1997 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
No. or year of volume/issue: 1996 – 1997
Volume: 1996 – 1997
Pages: 2p.-
Text Language Code: jpn
Subject Heading: 運動時の呼吸困難
運動トレーニング
体力
呼吸の化学感受性
Exertional breathlessness
Exercise training
Physical fitness
Ventilatory chemosensitivity
Target Audience: 一般
Note (General): 金沢大学教育学部
呼吸器疾患のない健常人では、運動時の呼吸困難感の大きさ(BS)は主に換気量(V_E)に依存して増大する。しかし、V_Eが同じであってもBSには個人差があり、これには抹消化学受容器の感受性(HVR)が関与していることを最近我々は見出した(J.Physiol.499:843-848、1997)。一方、持久性運動能力(Vo_2max)の高い人は相対的にHVRは低く、また運動時のBSも低い傾向にあることが報告されているので、今回、運動時のBSに対するVo_2maxとHVRの影響を検討する目的で2つの実験を行ない、以下のような結果を得た。1.縦断的実験・・・非運動鍛錬者(N=11)に毎回20分、毎週3回の割合で4週間、持久性運動トレーニングを行ってもらい、これに伴う自転人口ルゴメータ漸増負荷運動時のV_E-BS関係の変化とこの変化に及ぼすVo_2maxとHVRの影響を調べた。トレーニングによりVo_2maxは平均14%増加し、HVRは低下傾向を示し、V_E-BS関係は右方移動(あるV_E下でのBSは低下する方向に移動)した。重回帰分析により、V_E-BS関係の右方移動の28%はVo_2maxの増加に、16%はHVRの低下に、残り56%は未知の要因によるものであると推定された。2.横断的実験・・・Vo_2maxが一般的に高い持久性運動鍛練者(N=9)と逆に低い瞬発製運動鍛練者(N=14)の間で漸増負荷運動時のV_E-BS関係はどう違うか、その違いはVo_2maxやHVRとどのように関連しているかを調べた。持久性鍛練者群のVo_2max(ml/分/kg)は55、瞬発性群では40と両群間に有意差が見られたが、HVRや運動時のV_E-BS関係には差異は見られなかった。縦断的実験における非運動鍛練者群の4週間トレーニング後のVo_2maxは39であったが、V_E-BS関係は上記運動鍛練者群と類似していた。以上の結果から、運動時の呼吸困難感は運動トレーニングにより軽減されるが、この変化に対するVo_2max増加やHVR低下の関与は小さく、大半は未知の要因、多分、運動時の呼吸困難感の経験と慣れが関係していると推測された。
In healthy humans, the breathlessness intensity (BS) during exercise increases mainly with an increase in pulmonary ventilation (V_E). Recently, we demonstrated that those with lower hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness of the peripheral chemoreceptors (HVR) exhibited lower BS at given levels of V_E during exercise (J.Physiol.499 : 843-848,1997). On the other hand, it has been reported that those with higher physical fitness tend to have lower HVR and exertional breathlessness. The following two studies were conducted to examine the influences of HVR and physical fitness, which was evaluated by Vo_2max, on BS during exercise.(1) Longitudinal study : Eleven nonathletes were asked to perform an endurance training (20-min running, 3 times/week) for 4 weeks. Vo_2max, HVR and V_E-BS relations during an incremental cycle exercise were measured every week. With the time course of the training, rightward shifts of the V_E-BS relation (reduction of BS at given V_E), and finally 14%-increase in Vo_<>max and tendency of lowering of HVR were produced. A multiple linear regression analysis using these data showed that 28% of the rightward shift of V_E-BS relation was explained by the increase in Vo_2max and 16% by the lowering of HVR.(2) Cross sectional study : V_E-BS relation as in the longitudinal study was measured in 14 sprint and 9 endurance athletes. It was found that V_E-BS relation was similar in the two types of athletes, in which HVR was similar but Vo_2max was much greater in the endurance than in the sprint athletes. In addition, V_E-BS relation after 4-week training in the nonathletes was similar to those in the athletes. These results suggest that the sensation of breathlessness during exericise can be reduced by exercise training, with such a training effect mediated partly by increased Vo_2max and decreased HVR but largely by familiarization with breathlessness sensation.
研究課題/領域番号:08670078, 研究期間(年度):1996 – 1997
出典：研究課題「運動時の呼吸困難度と持久性運動能力の関係」課題番号08670078（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08670078/086700781997kenkyu_seika_hokoku_gaiyo/）を加工して作成
DOI: 10.24517/00066134
Access Restrictions: 限定公開
Related Material: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/search/?qm=30019559
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08670078/
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08670078/086700781997kenkyu_seika_hokoku_gaiyo/
Data Provider (Database): 国立情報学研究所 : 学術機関リポジトリデータベース（IRDB）（機関リポジトリ）
https://irdb.nii.ac.jp
Original Data Provider (Database): 金沢大学 : 金沢大学学術情報リポジトリKURA