代替繁殖戦略の進化条件のロボット集団シミュレーションによる解明

• Material Type: 博士論文
• Title: 代替繁殖戦略の進化条件のロボット集団シミュレーションによる解明
• Author/Editor: Rahman, Farzana
• Author Heading: Rahman, Farzana
• Publication Date: 2020-06-30
• Publication Date (W3CDTF): 2020-06-30
• Alternative Title: Identifying the Evolutionary Conditions for the Emergence of Alternative Reproductive Tactics in Simulated Robot Colonies
• Degree grantor/type: Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University
• Date Granted: 2020-06-30
• Date Granted (W3CDTF): 2020-06-30
• Dissertation Number: 甲第57号
• Degree Type: Doctor of Philosophy
• Conferring No. (Dissertation): 甲第57号
• Text Language Code: eng
• Target Audience: 一般
• Note (General): Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs), phenomena in which individuals within one sex adopt different tactics for accessing mates or raising offspring, are commonly observed in all major taxa. In order to study the ecological conditions for the emergence of ARTs, we developed an embodied evolution framework incorporating ecological features, such as body size and energy maintenance, where male and female robotic agents naturally face both intersexual and intrasexual interactions for survival and reproduction. Each agent has a decision neural network with extrinsic and intrinsic sensory inputs to choose one of four basic behaviors: mating, foraging, approaching and waiting. The reproductive success depends on the body size and the energy level of both male and female upon mating and it is assumed that only female carries the reproduction cost, as in nature the cost of male’s sperm production is negligible relative to that of female’s eggs. We performed simulation experiments in environments with different conditions (food density, reproductive cost, and male-female ratio) and found ARTs emerged both in males and females. Males evolved three kinds of alternative tactics - fixed genetically distinct ARTs (dominant and sneaker males that differ in body size and the tactic for getting access to female), conditionally flexible ARTs (individuals change tactics according to body size), and mixed ARTs (combination of genetically fixed and conditionally flexible ARTs). Females evolved to have two genetically distinct ARTs (quality oriented female, QoF, and number oriented female, NoF), where they increase fitness either by offspring quality or quantity. Analysis of the results confirms the experimental notions that male genetically fixed ARTs are strongly affected by intensity of sexual selection, male conditionally flexible ARTs are significantly affected by competition level, and female ARTs are mainly affected by food density. Analysis of ESS shows male ARTs are evolutionary stable with negative frequency dependent selection and female ARTs are evolutionary stable with both frequency and density dependent selection. To our knowledge, this study is the first to show the emergence of ARTs in both male and female from initially continuous characteristics in a simulated embodied evolution framework. The evolved ARTs are quite similar to the ARTs found in nature and provide insights about how interactions between the sexes are affected by and affect the evolution of ARTs within each sex. This framework is flexible enough to further analyze species of different sexual mechanisms (hermaphrodite, androdioecious, gynodioecious, etc.) and can be used as an important tool to understand the ecology of social interaction.
• DOI: 10.15102/1394.00001447; https://doi.org/10.15102/1394.00001447
• Persistent ID (NDL): info:ndljp/pid/11525914; https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/11525914
• Collection: 障害者向け資料
• Collection (Materials For Handicapped People:1): テキストデータ
• Collection (particular): 国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション > デジタル化資料 > 博士論文; https://dl.ndl.go.jp/collections/A00014
• Acquisition Basis: 博士論文（自動収集）
• Date Accepted (W3CDTF): 2020-08-11T22:41:34+09:00
• Date Created (W3CDTF): 2020-07-02
• Format (IMT): application/pdf
• Access Restrictions: 国立国会図書館内限定公開
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• Periodical Title (URI): http://dx.doi.org/10.15102/1394.00001447; https://oist.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/1599
• Data Provider (Database): 国立国会図書館 : 国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション; https://dl.ndl.go.jp