Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Characteristics of Water Treatment Sludge Blended with Recycled Materials from Construction and Demolition Waste for Road Subgrade Application

• Material Type: 博士論文
• Title: Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Characteristics of Water Treatment Sludge Blended with Recycled Materials from Construction and Demolition Waste for Road Subgrade Application
• Author/Editor: IQBAL, MUHAMMAD RASHID
• Author Heading: IQBAL, MUHAMMAD RASHID
• Publication Date: 2020
• Publication Date (W3CDTF): 2020
• Alternative Title: 路床への適用を目的とした建廃由来リサイクル材混合浄水汚泥の地盤工学的及び地盤環境工学的特性の検討
• Periodical title: 博士論文（埼玉大学大学院理工学研究科（博士後期課程））
• Degree grantor/type: 埼玉大学
• Date Granted: 2020-09-23
• Date Granted (W3CDTF): 2020-09-23
• Dissertation Number: 甲第1188号
• Degree Type: 博士(学術)
• Conferring No. (Dissertation): 甲第1188号
• Text Language Code: eng
• Target Audience: 一般
• Note (General): type:text; The population of the world is increasing over time, and water is an essential component of life and is required for daily usages. During the treatment process, suspended particles are separated from the intake water supplied, and these suspended particles extracted are called water treatment sludge (WTS). Sludge is a mixture of water and suspended solids, ranging from 1-3% of suspended solids and make 2-15% of the solids on oven dry. WTS is an industrial by-product, and about 56% of the sludge is sent to the landfill sites in Tokyo, Japan. In the developing countries, there is a minimal trend of WTS recycling, and its mostly disposed of at the riverside or illegally dumped.Construction and demolition wastes (CDW) are also industrial by-products that are generated in massive quantities due to construction and demolition activities and renovation of the existing structures. In Japan, CDW contributed to about 16.4% of the total industrial waste generation. Reuse and recycling of non-hazardous construction and demolition waste and industrial by-products in the construction industry is vital to promote environmentally sound waste management. WTS has not used for road work, especially for the road subgrade. The objective of this research was to promote the recycling of the WTS by blending the CDW, including crushed concrete (CC), incineration ash (IA), clay bricks (CB), and recycled clay bricks (RCB) for the road subgrade.Environmental safety analysis showed that all the materials were environmentally safe and posed any risk to underground water. WTS blended with crushed concrete, and incineration ash improved the strength of the materials. The results of consolidation tests showed that the blend of CC reduced the compressibility of WTS profoundly, especially samples that contained a proportion of CC and CC/IA greater than 50%. Overall, the blend of CC raised the compaction property of WTS accompanying an increase in bearing capacity, compressibility and can be useful in improving geotechnical properties of WTS for application as a road subgrade.Additional to mixing proportion, the gradation effect of CB/RCB blended with WTS was also evaluated. CB/RCB having three different fractions of Fine (2-10)mm, Coarse (10-30)mm, and Graded (2-30)mm were blended with WTS with an increment of 20% mixing proportion. WTS blended with coarse and graded fractions with a range of 60≤f≤80% showed a significant improvement in CBR (>100%). Due to its limited particle breakage and high CBR values, the WTS blended with graded CB/RCB aggregates was preferable for the road subgrade application and fulfilled road subgrade construction requirement.; ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ iDEDICATION ........................................................................................................ iiiACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................................................................................... ivTABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................................... vLIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................... ixLIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................... xiiiCHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 11.1 General Background .............................................................................................. 11.2 Municipal solid waste ........................................................................................... 11.3 Industrial Waste ................................................................................................ 11.3.1 Drinking water treatment sludge (WTS) ......................................................................... 21.3.2 Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) ....................................................................... 41.4 Comparison of evaluation of road subgrade ...................................................................... 101.4.1 Tests for evaluating the bearing capacity of subgrade ........................................................ 101.4.2 Evaluation methods of subgrade ............................................................................... 121.4.3 CBR test and modified CBR test ............................................................................... 141.5 Motivation and Objectives ...................................................................................... 151.5.1 Motivation ................................................................................................... 151.5.2 Objectives ................................................................................................... 151.6 Summary ........................................................................................................ 161.7 Organization of Thesis ......................................................................................... 161.8 References ..................................................................................................... 19CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ON REUSE AND RECYCLING OF WATER TREATMENT SLUDGE, WASTE CONCRETE, AND CLAY BRICKS ..... 222.1 Recycling and reuses of the WTS ................................................................................ 222.1.1 WTS utilization in the wastewater treatment process .......................................................... 232.1.2 WTS uses in construction materials ........................................................................... 262.1.3 WTS uses in Geotechnical works ............................................................................... 272.1.4 WTS in land based-applications ............................................................................... 282.1.4.1 WTS in a reduction in laden soils and runoffs .............................................................. 282.1.5 Other Usages of WTS ......................................................................................... 292.2 Utilization of Crushed Concrete ................................................................................ 292.2.1 Geotechnical Utilization of the concrete aggregates .......................................................... 292.2.2 Concrete aggregate utilization in construction material ...................................................... 332.2.3 Environmental Utilization of Concrete aggregates ............................................................. 362.3 Clay Bricks/Recycled Clay Bricks (CB/RCB) ...................................................................... 372.3.1 CB/RCB Geotechnical Utilization............................................................................... 372.3.2 Clay Brick Utilization in the construction material .......................................................... 382.3.3 RCB utilization for Environmental purposes ................................................................... 412.3.4 Others Uses of RCB ........................................................................................... 422.4 Summary ........................................................................................................ 432.5 References ..................................................................................................... 44CHAPTER 3: UTILIZATION OF CRUSHED CONCRETE AND INCINERATION ASH BLENDED WITH WTS ................................... 57Abstract ........................................................................................................... 573.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 573.2 Material ....................................................................................................... 573.3 Methods ........................................................................................................ 593.4 INDEX PROPERTIES OF THE MATERIALS .............................................................................. 603.4.1 Moisture Content ............................................................................................. 603.4.2 Particle size analysis ....................................................................................... 603.4.3 Loss on Ignition ............................................................................................. 643.4.4 Specific gravity test ........................................................................................ 653.4.5 pH test ...................................................................................................... 683.4.6 Electrical conductivity test (EC)............................................................................. 683.5 GEOTECHNICAL TESTS OF THE MATERIAL ............................................................................. 693.5.1 Standard proctor test ........................................................................................ 693.5.2 One dimensional consolidation test ........................................................................... 723.5.3 California Bearing Ratio Test ................................................................................ 763.5.4 Triaxial Compression testing ................................................................................. 783.6 Environmental Safety of the Tested material..................................................................... 803.6.1 Water/Acid extractable leaching test ......................................................................... 803.7 Result and Discussion .......................................................................................... 833.7.1 Environmental Safety ......................................................................................... 833.7.2 Particle size distribution of the materials .................................................................. 843.7.3 Index Properties ............................................................................................. 853.7.4 Compaction Test Results ...................................................................................... 863.7.5 California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Test Results .................................................................. 933.7.6 Consolidated undrained triaxial compression test results ..................................................... 993.7.7 Consolidation Test Results .................................................................................. 1033.8 Conclusions ................................................................................................... 1083.9 References .................................................................................................... 109CHAPTER 4: UTILIZATION OF CLAY AND RECYCLED CLAY BRICKS BLENDED WITH WTS .......................................... 1124.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 1144.2 Materials and Methods ......................................................................................... 1184.2.1 Tested Materials ............................................................................................ 1184.3 Methods ....................................................................................................... 1204.3.1 Index Properties of the material............................................................................. 1224.3.2 Water Absorption Test........................................................................................ 1224.3.3 Los Angles abrasion Test .................................................................................... 1234.3.4 Standard Compaction Test Using Modified Effort .............................................................. 1234.3.5 Breakage of the Particles ................................................................................... 1254.3.6 California Bearing Ratio Test ............................................................................... 1284.3.7 Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ............................................................................ 1304.3.8 Cone Penetration Test ....................................................................................... 1334.4 Results and Discussion ........................................................................................ 1354.4.1 Environmental Safety ........................................................................................ 1354.4.2 Particle size distribution of the materials ................................................................. 1374.4.1 Index Properties ............................................................................................ 1384.4.2 Compaction Tests ............................................................................................ 1394.4.3 Particle Breakage of Clay Brick Aggregates After Compaction ................................................. 1454.4.4 California Bearing Ratio (CBR) .............................................................................. 1494.4.5 Hydraulic conductivity Test ................................................................................. 1564.4.6 Cone Penetration Test ....................................................................................... 1584.5 Conclusions.................................................................................................... 1594.6 References..................................................................................................... 160CHAPTER 5: COMPARISON OF CONCRETE AGGREGATES BLENDED WITH WTS & CLAY BRICK AGGREGATES BLENDED WITH WTS ............ 1685.1 Environmental Safety comparison ............................................................................... 1685.2 Gradation of materials ........................................................................................ 1685.3 Compaction properties comparison .............................................................................. 1695.4 California Bearing Ratio (CBR) comparison ..................................................................... 1735.4.1 CBR values in term of particle size (D) ..................................................................... 1745.4.2 CBR in term of mixing proportion ............................................................................ 1765.4.1 Prediction of CBR by using MDD-based model in this study .................................................... 1775.5 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 1785.6 References .................................................................................................... 179CHAPTER 6: GENERAL CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES ............................................................ 1806.1 Conclusions ................................................................................................... 1806.2 FUTURE PERSPECTIVES: .......................................................................................... 182Geoenvironmental aspects of engineering utilization of water treatment sludge, concrete, and clay bricks .......... 1826.3 Introduction .................................................................................................. 1826.4 Material and Methodology ...................................................................................... 1856.5 Methodology ................................................................................................... 1866.5.1 Methodology for long term hydraulic conductivity test ....................................................... 1866.5.2 California Bearing Ratio under long term percolation of water ............................................... 1896.6 References .................................................................................................... 191; 指導教員 : 川本健
• DOI: 10.24561/00019366; https://doi.org/10.24561/00019366
• Persistent ID (NDL): info:ndljp/pid/11865179; https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/11865179
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• Date Accepted (W3CDTF): 2021-11-08T14:10:24+09:00
• Date Created (W3CDTF): 2021-09-16
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• Periodical Title (URI): http://dx.doi.org/10.24561/00019366; http://id.nii.ac.jp/1586/00019366/
• Data Provider (Database): 国立国会図書館 : 国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション; https://dl.ndl.go.jp