ENHANCING PHOSPHORUS SOLUBILITY AND BIOAVAILABILITY FROM ANIMAL BONE: EFFECTS OF THERMOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TREATMENTS

• Material Type: 博士論文
• Title: ENHANCING PHOSPHORUS SOLUBILITY AND BIOAVAILABILITY FROM ANIMAL BONE: EFFECTS OF THERMOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TREATMENTS
• Author/Editor: MILKIYAS, AHMED YASIN; AHMED YASIN, MILKIYAS
• Author Heading: MILKIYAS, AHMED YASIN; AHMED YASIN, MILKIYAS
• Publication Date: 2022-03-18
• Publication Date (W3CDTF): 2022-03-18
• Degree grantor/type: 創価大学
• Date Granted: 2022-03-18
• Date Granted (W3CDTF): 2022-03-18
• Dissertation Number: 甲第192号
• Degree Type: 博士（工学）
• Text Language Code: eng
• Subject Heading: bone ash; bone char; co-pyrolysis; P bioavailability; Penicillium
• Target Audience: 一般
• Note (General): Modern agriculture relies on mineral phosphorus (P) fertilizer produced from rock phosphate. Large amount of P fertilizers application is required to ensure productivity of agricultural systems. Rock phosphate is a non-renewable and rapidly depleting resource and hence P scarcity is expected to be a bottleneck for the sustainability of crop production in the future. In addition, high production cost of P fertilizers coupled with their heavy metal contamination (e.g., cadmium and uranium) is a challenge to boost agricultural production. Therefore, attention has recently been focused on phosphorus recovery from organic sources such as animal manure, sewage and sludge, crop residues, and animal bone to meet the high demand for P and reduce contaminations associated with mineral P fertiliser production. Recovery and re-use of P from slaughterhouse waste is one of the proposed solutions to secure future P demand. Accordingly, various researches have shown bone c har ( pyrolyzed animal bone under no or low oxygen condition) as potential P fertilizer with comparatively high P content. However, P contained in bone char is often poorly available to plant. Up to date, there have been considerable variations among the reported studies in the P fertilizing effect of bone char, ranging from positive effect to non-significant effect. The low P solubility from bone char and inconsistency in the past studies calls for more studies to understand factors controlling P solubility and bioavailability in thermally treated bone which may include processing method (pyrolysis vs. combustion) and processing temperature, chemical and structural difference in different animal bone, and soil environments to be applied. In addition to this, different strategies could be used to increase the solubility of P from bone char, such as phosphorous solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs). However, studies on P release pattern from bone char with the presence of PSM are limited and it is largely unknown whether bone-char production temperature and pyrolysis technique affect the efficiency of PSM to solubilize bone-char P. Therefore, two independent experiments were conducted (i) to determine effects of bone from different animals, thermal processing method, production temperature, and soil pH on P solubility and bioavailability from thermally processed bone and understand the underlying mechanism; and (ii) Investigate how pyrolysis temperature and co-pyrolysis of animal-bone with biomass influence the potential of different PSM strains to solubilize P in bone char and elucidate the survival rate of PSM and their P solubilization potential under different soil organic carbon levels. In the first experiment, P solubility was investigated from thermally treated animal bones produced from: (i) 3 different animals (chicken, sheep, and pig); (ii) 2 thermal processing methods (pyrolysis and combustion); and (iii) 4 production temperatures (300°C, 500°C, 700°C, and 900°C). Chemical extraction, incubation, and pot experiments were performed to evaluate P availability. Infrared splitting factor (IFRS) and width of 604 cm?1 peak (FW85%) calculated from FTIR spectra, coupled with X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD) were used to determine bioapatite crystallinity of thermally treated animal bones. In the second experiment, an in-vitro assay was conducted to investigate the potential of four Penicillium strains to solubilize P from bone char produced by different pyrolysis temperatures (i.e. 450oC and 850oC) and pyrolysis techniques (i.e. conventional (BC450, BC850) and co-pyrolysis (Co-BC450 and Co-BC-850)). Incubation and pot experiment were also carried to elucidate if organic carbon (OC) input increases the survival rate of PSM and their efficacy. The result of the first experiment, clearly demonstrated that, P solubility of thermally treated bones largely depended on bone type, thermal processing method, and production temperature as well as soil pH. Chicken bone showed the highest available P content (p < 0.001), irrespective of processing methods and temperatures. In contrast, pig bone exhibited the lowest available P despite its high total P content. Pyrolysis resulted in higher available P content than combustion, particularly at temperatures >5000C. The XRD and FTIR studies confirmed higher degree of crystallization for those produced from pig bone, combustion, and higher temperatures (>700oC). Infrared splitting factor and width at 85% of the height of the 604 cm?1 peak were used to assess bioapatite crystallinity, and confirmed a negative correlation between bioapatite crystallization and P availability (p < 0.001), indicating the attribution of bioapatite crystallization for low soluble P during combustion and higher temperatures. At low soil pH (pH~4), addition of thermally treated bones increased Olsen-P and plant P uptake by two- to five-folds compared with unamended soils; however, no significant variation was observed at higher soil pH (pH~7). According to the results from the second experiment, solubilized P was significantly influenced by PSM type, processing temperature and biomass addition. All the Penicillium strains solubilized 11% - 39% of bone char-P from BC450 within three weeks. In contrast, only P. bilaiae was able to solubilize 19% of bone char-P from BC850, while the others solubilized only 2% of bone char-P which was comparable with the control (i.e. non-inoculated). Compared to BC450, addition of P. expansum and P. glabrum to Co-BC450 resulted in 167% and 133% more solubilized P respectively. Similarly, addition of P. expansum, P. glabrum, and P. aculeatum to Co-BC850 resulted in 10- to 45-fold more solubilized P compared to BC850. Soil C input increased solubility of bone char-P by 34% - 48%; PSM survival rate by 22% - 76%.; and plant P uptake by 29% - 55%. These findings suggested optimum thermal valorization conditions to develop alternative P biofertilizer from slaughterhouse waste; and indicated new approach to increase P fertilizer value of animal-bone using PSM; co-pyrolysis and soil C inputs.
• Persistent ID (NDL): info:ndljp/pid/13023747; https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/13023747
• Collection: 障害者向け資料
• Collection (Materials For Handicapped People:1): テキストデータ
• Collection (particular): 国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション > デジタル化資料 > 博士論文; https://dl.ndl.go.jp/collections/A00014
• Acquisition Basis: 博士論文（自動収集）
• Date Accepted (W3CDTF): 2023-10-11T15:41:03+09:00
• Format (IMT): application/pdf
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• Periodical Title (URI): http://hdl.handle.net/10911/00040743; https://soka.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/40750
• Data Provider (Database): 国立国会図書館 : 国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション; https://dl.ndl.go.jp